Citations for court proceedings refer to journalists, the publications in which cases are documented. To cite a case or court decision, indicate the name of the case, the volume and short name of the reporter, the page number, the name of the court, the year and, if applicable, the URL. Most legal documents are cited in the Bluebook style, the standard citation style used in all disciplines (see The Bluebook Style in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, 2015). APA refers to the Bluebook style for legal documents and uses these templates and templates in bibliographies. This resource lists some of the most common legal references that APA users may need in their work, but it is not exhaustive. Please note that legal conventions outside the United States may differ. Note that âv.â (for âversusâ) is used between the names of the parties in a case title, although the APA recommends âvs.â outside the context of legal quotations. The APA-style blog states that the case name for the citation in the text is in italics. You will often see court decisions in bound volumes called business stenographers. These journalists are the second element of the reference. You should check the Bluebook for state laws, as some states use chapter or article numbers instead of sections.

The Bluebook also contains all the necessary abbreviations and symbols. Some federal laws may include public law numbers that you can use in the reference list entry instead of the U.S.C. American Psychological Association Publication Manual (7. Edition) Chapter 11 Legal References: “In the style of the APA, most legal documents are cited in the standard legal citation style used for legal reference in all disciplines.” The APA manual contains only examples from the United States and the United Nations and suggests: “For more information on preparing these and other legal references, see The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation” (2020, p. 355). Start the reference with the name of the case, as indicated at the beginning of the written court decision. In most cases, this is the name of the parties involved. Here are some examples of sources, including band numbers, short names of case reporters, and front page numbers: Other abbreviations for terms used in case names can be found in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation. Some commonly used abbreviations are Ass`n (Association), Co.

(Society), Int`l (International), Rehab. (Rehabilitation) and Univ. (University). Courtyard. Omit the name of the Supreme Court and its jurisdiction over the St Court Reporter (S.Ct.) and the United States Reports (U.S.). In addition, omit the name of the court and its jurisdiction if (a) the adjudicating court is the highest court in a state, or (b) the name of the stenographer in the case already indicates the name of the court and its jurisdiction. Canadian courts and many administrative tribunals have adopted neutral citations for cases since the late 1990s. Neutral quotes are the preferred quotes and are issued by the court. If no neutral citation is provided for the decision, a citation parallel to a quote from a printed journalist or a quote to an electronic source is required. Never create a neutral quote if it doesn`t exist. Example (neutral citation): Citation (in the law it means the volume and page in journalists or books, in which case decisions are published) To cite the reference in the text, specify the name of the case in italics and the year. Date.

For the date, use the year in which the case was decided. If not, use the year of the hearing. Other court decisions never appear in stenographers. Some are reported in slip notices, and others are only available in electronic databases, journals or on the Internet. The court will be in parentheses. Please note that abbreviations are often used in legal citations. For example, a Texas court decision would look like this: (Tex. App.). A partial list of abbreviations can be found on the Abbreviations page of the Legal Information Institute of Cornell Law School This link will open in a new window.

Here are some examples of properly formatted dishes and dates. For Canadian legal citations, see the Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation (9th Edition), also known as the “McGill Guide”. Quoting according to the McGill guide would be good within the framework of the APA standards. For more information on court cases or decisions, see pages 357 to 361, section 11.4 of the ABS Manual. If an official name of the law is not available (for example, there is only one citation from the United States Code), some authors include only the legal citation in the text, for example, 18 U.S.C. § 2258, and exclude it from the reference list. The case name is written in italics in the citation in the text, but not in the reference list. In the reference, specify a single page number (the page where the coverage of this case begins) instead of a range of full pages. Most words are abbreviated in legal quotation marks. This means that there are a very large number of standard abbreviations. Check out resources like this page to familiarize yourself with common abbreviations. Court proceedings can involve long and complex stories that require more information than the basic reference format can convey.

You may need a reference that mentions several courts and hearing dates, identifies sources other than the senior rapporteur of the case, and includes explanatory information, such as a note indicating that a decision has been overturned, rescinded or upheld. The 6. The Edition of the American Psychological Association Publication Manual (2010) describes the style of citation of legal documents in the Appendix to Chapter 7 (pp. 216-224). For court decisions, laws, codes and other legal publications, the APA uses the formats described in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation. Below are format suggestions for common types of legal publications (California and federal sources). No, inserting a URL is optional in APA-style reference entries for legal sources (e.g., court proceedings, laws). It may be useful to do this to help the reader retrieve the source, but it is not necessary because the other information contained should be enough to find it.

If you are citing an ongoing APA-style court case that has not yet been published in printed form and therefore does not have a specific page number, add a series of three underscores (___) that usually display the page number: The McGill guide does not require URLs to be included in citations for cases, laws or parliamentary documents. However, the APA manual recommends including URLs when it supports recovery. For this reason, it is at the discretion of the authors whether or not to include URLs on legal citations in an APA-style document. If a URL is included, it can be added to the end of the citation without prior or subsequent punctuation: A legal citation consists of five components: title or case name; Quote; the jurisdiction of the court making the decision; Date of decision and URL (optional). If you can`t determine the official abbreviation of the transmitter dish, some instructors prefer that you shorten it or skip it yourself. In any case, be sure to specify the year. Bates v. Tappan, 99 Mass. 376 (1868). cite.case.law/mass/99/376/ This link will open in a new window Identify the band number, the name of the declarant and the first page number of the case. The Supreme Court is the highest federal court, and its decisions are reported in U.S. reports (abbreviated as “United States” in the reference).

You do not need to indicate the court in parentheses in this case, because the name of the journalist already clearly indicates this. Appendix 7.1 of the APA Publication Manual provides reference examples of a case upheld by the Court of Appeal, a case published as a notice of slip, and a case published in an electronic database (see examples at p. 218 in the sixth edition of the APA Publication Manual). State courts are those that operate in certain states and not at the federal level. The two types of state courts that are frequently cited are the Supreme Courts and the Courts of Appeal. They are both cited in a similar format. Unlike other types of references, the title or name of a case is written in standard font in references, but in italics in the citation in the text. The year is not in italics. Specify the name of the first part listed on each page. When Chomsky and Piaget sued Skinner and Thorndike, and when the names appeared in that order in the court decision, the name of the case was Chomsky v.

Skinner. Do not repeat the name of the case, court or year. Simply indicate the volume, journalist and page number of each quote.